Off-piste: Avalanche Danger, Preparation and Conduct
Outside open, marked pistes, terrain, snowpack and avalanche danger can change dramatically over short distances. A safe decision starts before the trip with up-to-date information, appropriate training and a plan that explicitly allows for turning back. An avalanche transceiver, probe and shovel are essential, but they are no substitute for knowledge or careful route selection.
Lawinensicherheitsausrüstung mit Airbag-Rucksack, zusammengeschobenen Sonden, Schaufel und Lawinenverschüttetensuchgerät.
Photo: Nolispanmo / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0
Check current conditions and your route
On the day of your trip, check the regional avalanche bulletin, weather, wind, new snowfall and conditions at the planned altitude. Read the danger ratings and additional information in full, and relate them to your specific route. An old report, tracks in the snow or a single slope that appears stable do not prove that the terrain is safe.
Plan a route suited to the ability and experience of everyone in your group. Discuss key sections, potential hazard areas, spacing and safe meeting points in advance. Slopes where a slip could lead to a fall, burial or being swept into a terrain trap call for particular caution. If you cannot reliably assess the conditions, stay on open, marked pistes or skip the trip.
Training and equipment
Everyone taking part should carry a digital avalanche transceiver, probe and shovel, and practise using them regularly. Before setting out, check the battery level, operation and how the transceiver is worn. Knowing how to search for a buried person and having a practised procedure can help in an emergency; equipment alone does not make a trip safe.
If you have little experience with snow and avalanche safety, join a qualified local guide and follow their decisions. The group also needs suitable clothing, extra time, communication devices and a plan for the return journey.
Be prepared to turn back
Continuously compare the actual conditions with your plan. New warning signs, poor visibility, rapid warming, wind-drifted snow, exhaustion or doubts are reasons to change your route or turn back. Do not let the distance already covered, time pressure or group dynamics push you into continuing.
Leave your route and planned return time with a reliable contact. Also check the latest advice from the relevant ski area or local specialist agency. The SLF avalanche bulletin is a regional source of information for Switzerland; in other countries and regions, consult the current avalanche bulletin issued by the relevant authority.
Frequently asked questions
Is avalanche safety equipment enough to keep you safe?
No. An avalanche transceiver, probe and shovel are part of your emergency equipment. They are no substitute for training, assessing current conditions, choosing an appropriate route or making safe decisions.
What is the best choice if you are unsure?
Stay on open, marked pistes, choose a lower-risk alternative or postpone your trip. Turning back is a normal safety decision.
