Choosing the right ski helmet

• A ski helmet should fit snugly all around, without painful pressure or loose spots.
• Check the fit with the chin strap fastened and make sure the helmet does not slip.
• Your helmet and ski goggles need to work together; a gap at the forehead can be uncomfortable.
• A helmet is no substitute for consideration, an appropriate speed or observing the slope rules.
• After a hard impact, have the helmet assessed by a professional; it will usually need to be replaced.
• Care includes proper storage and cleaning, as well as checking for cracks or damaged fasteners.

Position the helmet on your head before fastening the chin strap. It should protect your forehead without sitting too far back. When you shake your head or gently pull on the shell, the helmet should not move on its own. The strap should sit under your chin without choking you. An adjustable sizing system should not be used to tighten a helmet that is fundamentally too large.

For children, it is important to check the fit before every season. Growth, a hat and new ski goggles can all affect how the helmet sits. A thick hat under the helmet is not always a good idea, as it can affect the intended fit and ventilation. Follow the manufacturer's instructions and make sure the helmet fits securely and comfortably.

Try on the helmet and goggles together. The goggles should not press uncomfortably or restrict your field of vision at the edges. A close fit between the top of the goggles and the helmet helps reduce draughts and pressure points. Different brands and shapes can still work well together; what matters is the actual fit.

When visibility is poor, goggles suited to the conditions are more important than choosing the darkest lens possible. Weather, light and snowfall can change what you need throughout the day. A spare option for changing conditions can be useful, but make sure it is stored securely. Advice on the rest of your ski equipment can help you prepare everything together.

The system also includes suitable skis, properly checked ski bindings and clothing that does not restrict movement or vision. A ski jacket, ski clothing and ski gloves will not fix helmet fit problems, but they complete your safety check before a day on the slopes.

A helmet does not eliminate every risk of injury. Speed, distance, visibility and consideration for others remain essential. The FIS is a suitable international source for information on winter sports; also follow local operator guidance and slope rules. If you get tired, take a break instead of trying to make up for a lack of concentration by loosening your chin strap.

Do not ski on closed slopes or while they are being groomed. Snow groomers often operate in poor visibility or outside opening hours. Children need supervision even when wearing a helmet, with their speed and route adapted accordingly. A helmet is not a licence to take risks.

When buying a helmet, consider fit, visibility, ventilation, weight and compatibility with your goggles. If renting, check the shell for visible cracks or deep damage, and make sure the fastener works. The inner padding should be securely attached. How long a helmet can be used depends on its materials, care, age and any incidents, so follow the manufacturer's guidance.

After a hard impact, a helmet may look fine on the outside and still be damaged. Do not simply continue wearing it; replace it or have it assessed by a specialist retailer. Brittle shells, broken adjusters, damaged straps or padding that no longer stays in place are also reasons to stop using it.

After skiing, remove sweat and moisture with a soft cloth. Clean the inner padding only as directed by the manufacturer. Let the helmet dry at room temperature, not on a radiator. A bag that protects it from pressure and scratches is useful for transport; do not place heavy objects on the shell.

Do not leave a helmet in a hot car or direct sunlight for extended periods. Before setting off, check the shell, padding, straps, fastener and adjustment system. It only takes a moment and can prevent you from discovering a problem at the lift.

How should a ski helmet fit?

It should protect your forehead, fit snugly all around and stay in place when you move. The fastened chin strap should be secure without feeling uncomfortably tight.

Can I wear a hat under my helmet?

That depends on the helmet and the hat. The fit must not be affected; follow the manufacturer's instructions and check the fit again.

When should a ski helmet be replaced?

After a hard impact, if there is visible damage, or if the straps, shell or adjustment system no longer work reliably. The manufacturer's instructions also apply.

Will any ski goggles fit any helmet?

No. Try on the helmet and goggles together to check the field of vision, pressure and fit around the forehead.